Employee Benefits

Employer health benefits for small business

By Chris Blom, Brokerage ManagerUpdated July 23, 20266 min read
Employer health benefits are the medical, dental, and related coverage a business offers its employees. Small businesses have three main routes: a traditional group plan, a level-funded plan, or an ICHRA (Individual Coverage HRA) that reimburses employees for individual coverage. Each balances cost, predictability, and administrative effort differently.

Benefits are one of the strongest levers a small employer has for hiring and retention. According to the KFF 2024 Employer Health Benefits Survey, the average annual premium for employer-sponsored family coverage reached about $25,572, with workers contributing roughly $6,296 of that. For a small business, structuring benefits well is as much about cost control as coverage.

Small-business health benefit options compared

OptionHow it worksBest forTrade-off
Traditional group planEmployer buys a fully-insured group policy; fixed monthly premiumPredictable budgeting, simple administrationRates rise with group claims and age
Level-funded planSet monthly cost with a refund potential if claims run lowHealthier groups wanting savings upsideMore reporting; some claims exposure
ICHRAEmployer reimburses employees tax-free for individual plansEmployers wanting a fixed, defined contributionEmployees choose/manage their own plan

Do small businesses have to offer health insurance?

Under the ACA, only Applicable Large Employers (ALEs) — those with 50 or more full-time-equivalent employees — face the employer mandate. Businesses below 50 FTEs are not required to offer coverage, but many do to compete for talent, and those with fewer than 25 employees may qualify for the Small Business Health Care Tax Credit when covering employees through the SHOP marketplace.

How small employers keep benefits competitive

  1. Match the funding model to your group's health. A younger, healthier team may save with a level-funded plan; a fixed-budget employer may prefer ICHRA's defined contribution.
  2. Layer voluntary benefits. Dental, vision, life, and disability add perceived value at low employer cost and improve retention.
  3. Use pre-tax vehicles. HSAs, FSAs, and Section 125 plans stretch every benefit dollar for both employer and employee.
  4. Review annually against the market. Renewals rarely come in flat; comparing options each year is how small employers avoid silent premium creep.

The goal for a small business is not to match a Fortune 500 benefits package — it's to build a competitive, tax-efficient offer that fits the budget and holds up at renewal. The right structure depends on your headcount, your team's profile, and how much administration you want to carry.

Frequently Asked Questions

Do small businesses have to offer health insurance?

Only employers with 50 or more full-time-equivalent employees (Applicable Large Employers) are required to offer coverage under the ACA. Smaller businesses are not required to, though many offer benefits to compete for talent.

What is an ICHRA?

An Individual Coverage Health Reimbursement Arrangement (ICHRA) lets an employer reimburse employees, tax-free, for individual health insurance they buy themselves. It gives the employer a fixed, defined contribution instead of managing a group plan.

How much does employer health insurance cost?

According to the KFF 2024 Employer Health Benefits Survey, average annual premiums were about $8,951 for single coverage and $25,572 for family coverage, with employers covering the majority. Actual cost depends on plan design, group size, and location.

Can a small business get a tax credit for health insurance?

Yes. Businesses with fewer than 25 full-time-equivalent employees and average wages below the annual threshold may qualify for the Small Business Health Care Tax Credit when offering coverage through the SHOP marketplace.

SM
Chris Blom, Brokerage ManagerSixth Man Employer & Insurance Services — San Bernardino, CA. CA Lic #0I01929. Chris leads brokerage operations, advising California employers on workers' compensation, employee benefits, and employer risk.

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